Fluid transmission



Sept. 26, 1950 -LJANEmsa( 2,523,907

lpg-um' 'mmsurssrou 'ilgdom. 29, 1945 IN VEN TOR.

HTTOENEY Patented Sept. 26, 1950 rLUm 'rmsnnsslon Joseph Jandasek,Detroit, Mich., assignor to Bendix Aviation Corporation, Detroit, Mich.,a

corporation of Delaware.

Application October 29, 1945, Serial N0. 625,303

This invention relates to transmissions, and

more particularly to combined fluid and mechanical transmissions of thetwo-path power ilow type An object of the invention is to provide atwopath power ow fluid transmission employing a double planetary gearingsystem.

A further object of the invention is to combine a iiuid transmissionhaving an impeller, a turbine, and a vreaction member, automaticallymovable into and out of the fluid circuit of the transmission so as tooperate the transmission as a torque converter or as a uid coupling,with a mechanical transmission operative to develope torque during allphases of operation of the fluid transmission, with part of the inputenergy nowing to the output side of the mechanism from the 'drivingmeans directly toV the driven means through a double planetary gearingsystem, and Y 4 Claims. (Cl. 'I4-888) posed recess 82 into which isfitted a pilot 84 of a driven shaft 86. As shown, the pilot 34 issupported on a suitable bearing 88.

Supported on the driving shaft i6 by bearings 40, 42 is a concentricsleeve 44 having thereon at one end a web 46 supporting a turbineindicated generally at 48. The turbine provides in conjunction with theimpeller 20 a toroidal chamber 60. The turbine is of the two-stage typeincluding a set of vanes 52 constituting the first stage ofthe turbine,and another set of vanes 54 constituting the second stage of theturbine. The two stages of the turbine are spaced apart. The vanes 54are arranged on the shroud 48, and they support an inner shroud 56 whichin turn supports the vanes 52, and the vanes 52 are also attached to ashroud 58.

The turbine is enclosed by a rotatable housing or shell B0 integral withthe shroud 22 of the impeller and the housing has a bearing support 62receiving a bearing 84, supported on a sleeve 66 having thereon acarrier 68 mounted for travel on threads 10 on the sleeve 68.

turbine chamber proper is not slowly dragged in rotation by theturbulent fluid. Instead, through the use of a double planetary gearingsystem, the guide wheel member is caused to rotate at the same speed asthe turbine. thus redueing the energy loss and increasing theveiliciency ofthe two-path power flow fluid type transmission.

The single gure is a vertical sectional view of a two-path power cw uidtransmission embodying the invention.

Referring to the drawing. i0 represents a crankshaft having aconventional ange 2 and a concentrically disposed recess i4 into .whichis iitted a driving shaft i8 having a ange i8.

An impeller. indicated generally at 20, includes an outer shroud or arotatable housing 22 having arranged thereon a plurality oi' equi-spacedblades 24 `supporting an inner shroud 26, and a web 28 securely fastenedas by bolts 30 between flanges l2 and i8.

The driving shaft i8 has a concentrically dis- @he carrier 88 supports areaction member 12 having an outer shroud 14 supporting a plurality ofequi-spaced reaction vanes 16 which in turn support an inner shroud 18.

The web 46 is supported by a concentrically disposed sleeve 44 extendedinto atransmission housing generally indicated as at 82, and supports adrum 84 having thereon a ring gear 86.

Sleeve 44 has thereon bearings 88 for support of the sleeve 66 whichcarries a flange 90 forming a part of the transmission enclosure, andthe flange has a braking surface 92 for the reception of a frictionelement or a brake shoe 94 adapted to be activated in any conventionalmanner.v

The transmission enclosure further includes a housing shell 96 having abearing support 98 for the reception of bearing |00, supported on drivenshaft 36.

A flange |02 on the driven shaft 36 has an enlargedrim |04 whichsupports for rotation two sets 'of pinions |06 and |08.

The pinion |06 is in mesh with a ring gear E09 on the drum ||0 connectedthrough a one- 'Way clutch ||2 to the sleeve 86 projecting into thetransmission housing 82.

The pinions |08 mesh with ring gear 86 and a sun gear ||4 on the flange||6 of the driving shaft i6.

When starting or at heavy load, the brake 94 is applied. to hold thesleeve |56. Torque is then transmitted from a prime mover through thecrankshaft i0 to the driving shaft I6, resulting member on the threadedportion of the sleeve- 86, completely introducing the reaction vanes I8into the toroidal chamber 50 so as to provide for A torquemultiplication.

At the same time, power is transmitted by the drive shaft I6 to the sungear ||4 in mesh with the pinions |08, and also to the pinions |06 inmesh with the ring gear |09. This tends torotate the ring gear |09 inthe opposite direction. but it is preventedfrom rotating by the one-wayclutch ||2 and the brake 94 engaging the drum 92. The ring gear |09 whenstationary, acts as a mechanical reaction member and torquemultiplicator giving the driven shaft 36 more turning force at slowspeeds.

Power flows from the turbine 48 through the sleeve 44 to the ring gear86, which is driven forward at a slow speed. The sun gear ||4 rotatingat a predetermined constant speed and the ring gear 86 rotating at aslow speed at the -beginning of the turbine rotation, combine to causethe pinion gear |08 to transmit a moderate speed of rotation to thedriven shaft 96.

As the turbine',` 48 picks up power from the impeller 20, the ring gear86 moves/ forward faster than the gear system drives it. This, in turn,causes the ring gear |09 to now move forward disengaging the one-wayclutch l l2.

When the turbine speed approaches the impeller speed, the ring gear 86and the sun gear H4 approach the same speed and the system nears aone-to-one ratio. y

As the speed of the turbine approaches the speed of the impeller, thefluid impinging formerly on the faces of the guide member vanes 'i6 nowstrike vanes 16 on the backs thereof, causing the guide member 12 totravel out of the turbine chamber along the threads 10 of the sleeve 86.When this occurs, the brake 96 is manually released, causing the guidewheel member 12 to revolve at the speed of the turbine, thus allowing nofluid drag or uid energy decreasing resistance such as would be offeredby a stationary guide wheel member.

While this invention has been described in connection with certainlspecific embodiments, the principle involved is susceptible of numerousother applications that will readily occur to persons skilled in theart. The invention is, therefore 'to be limited only as indicated -bythe scope of the appended claims. i

Having thus described the various features of the invention, what Iclaim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A transmission comprising a fluid transmission and a mechanicaltransmission, a reaction member forvthe fluid transmission, means forholding the reaction member, a mechanical transmission, a reactionmember therefor, means connecting the reaction member of the mechanicaltransmission to the reaction member of the fluid transmission so thatthe reaction member of the mechanical transmission may be held againstrotation du'ring one phase of operation of the transmission while thereaction member of the fluid transmission remains held against rotation.

2. A transmission comprising driving and driven shafts, a planetary gearsystem, including a sun gear, two sets of planet pinions and two orbitgears connecting the shafts, a fluid transmission including a primarymember connected to the sun gear of the system, a secondary memberconnected to one of the orbit gears of the system, and a reactionmember, means for holding the reaction member of the fluid transmission,and means for holding the other orbit gear of the planetary gear systemeffective only upon holding the reaction member of the fluidtransmission.

3. A transmission comprising driving and driven shafts, a doubleplanetary gear system including two sets of planet pinions and two orbitgears connecting the shafts, a fluid trans' mission including a primarymember connected to the driving shaft, a secondary member connected toone of the orbit gears, and a reaction member, means for holding thereaction member and means for holding the other orbit gear effectiveonly when holding the reaction member.

4. A transmission comprising driving and f driven shafts, a doubleplanetary gear system including two sets of planet pinions and two orbitgears connecting the shafts, a uid transmission including a primarymember. a secondary member and a reaction member, means connecting theprimary member to the driving shaft, means connecting the secondarymember to one of the orbit gears of the planetary gear system, means forholding the reaction member, and means for holding the other orbit gearof the planetary gear system effective only when holding the reactionmember.

JOSEPH JANDASEK.

' REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,015,300 Dell Sept. 24, 19352,112,016 Dell Mar. 22, 1938 2,143,312 Griswold Jan. 10, 1939 2,158,557Lammeren May 16, 1939 2,291,120 Tipton July 28, 1942 2,293,358 PollardAug. 18, 1942 2,301,451 Pollard Nov. 10, 1942 2,312,849 Pollard Mar. 2,1943 2,365,879 lJandasek Dec. 26, 1944

